Which acids are included in the AHA category?

The correct answer identifies glycolic, lactic, malic, and tartaric acids as the acids included in the AHA (alpha hydroxy acid) category. AHAs are water-soluble acids that are derived from fruits and milk, and they are primarily used in skincare for their exfoliating properties. These specific acids are commonly found in many skincare products intended for improving skin texture, promoting cell turnover, and enhancing overall skin appearance.

Glycolic acid, derived from sugar cane, is often used for its small molecular size, allowing for deeper penetration into the skin. Lactic acid, which originates from milk, is known for its gentler exfoliating properties and hydrating benefits. Malic acid and tartaric acid, which are derived from apples and grapes respectively, contribute to the exfoliating effects and can help even out skin tone.

The other options do not fit within the AHA category. Salicylic acid, while an important acid in skincare, is classified as a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) rather than an AHA. Retinoic acid is a form of Vitamin A used primarily for its anti-aging benefits and does not belong to the AHA category. Ascorbic acid, known as Vitamin C